Chimney top or ventilator.



1 Patented June 11,' 1912.

2 SHEETSSHEET 1.

J L PHILLIPS CHIMNEY TOP 0R VENTILATOR.

Patented June 11, 1912.

l I 1 I y I I JESSE L. PHILLIPS, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

CHIMNEY TO]? OR VENTILATOR.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented June 11, 1912.

Application filed May 8, 1911. Serial No. 625,934.

To all whom it may concern;

Be it known that I, Jnssn L. PHILLIPS, a citizen of the United States,residing at Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in Chimney Tops orVentilators, of which the following is a specification.

The invention relates to tops or cowls for chimneys, ventilators orother shafts for air or gases, or both, and has for its principal objectto provide a simple, durable and efli cient top for a chimney orventilator shaft in order that a good, strong upward draft through thesame-and a positive discharge from the chimney or shaft are insured,while at the same time the chimney or shaft is protected from downwarddrafts or currents of air due to the prevailing winds or to theproximity of high buildings or walls.

A further object of the invention is to provide an improved top for achimney or ventilator shaft having .its parts arranged in such mannerthat a forced upward draft through the chimney or shaft is insured andof such simple construction and arrange ment that the various partsincluding the upper section of the ventilator shaft or chimney as wellas the top or cowl may be formed of cast metal on account of thecheapness of such construction as well as the well known properties ofcast metal such as cast iron to resist the corroding effect of acidscommonly contained in smoke or gases generated from coal and other"common forms of combustible materials used in furnaces or found in trainsheds and other buildings desired to be ventilated.

The invention further consists in the fea tures of novelty understoodfrom the .fol-

' lowing description, taken in connection with the accompanying drawingsforming a part of this specification and pointedout more specifically inthe claims.

In the said drawings, Figure 1 is aside elevat'io-n View of my improvedchimney top or ventilator showing the same attached. to a speciallyconstructed upper sect-ion'of chim-- 1 ney pipe or ventilator shaft, andFig. .2 is a full vertical sectionalv view of the same on line 2-2, Fig.5. vFig 3is an enlarged broken perspective view of the hood with the topor head thereof removed. Fig. 4 is a sectional view looking downward online 4 4, Fig. 1. Fig. 5 is a sectional view looking downward on line55, Fig. 2. Figs. 6

lator pipe and showing the manner in which I the hood is attached to andcooperates therewith. i

The chimney or ventilator pipe is preferably provided at its upperextremity with a section or length as indicated by the referencecharacter 10 of cast or other suitable metal having atits upperextremity a flaring rim or flange as indicated by the referencecharacter 10, said rim or flange being cut away at a plurality of placesin its per phery forming notches as indicated at 10 I Cooperating withthe upper section 10 of the pipe is an irregularly shaped hood adapted.to surround and partially cover the pipe at its upper end, the samebeing shown in the detail plan view, Fig. 5, and inthe perspective view,Fig. 3, and consisting of a plurality of separated passages widelyopened at the bottom and gradually narrowed or contracted toward andbeyond the top of the pipe 10.

In the form ofthe invention illustrated the hood is shown divided intosix parts or convolutions, each flaring outwardly at the bottom andgradually contracted toward the top both in width and thickness,thewalls of each of such passageways being indicated by the referencecharacter 11, and the passages themselves are each indicated by thereference character 12. Betweeneach'of the passages 12 the wall of thehood is contracted sov that fora short distance on its inner periphery,as indicated at 13, the hood is adapted to telescope over the exteriorof the pipe 10 closely fitting around the same to prevent in so far asis possible any looseness between the hood and pipe and at the same timeallowing just a sufiicient amount of space between the hood -and theouter periphery of the pipe to permit the hood to be readily attachedand. detached from the pipe.

As already indicated, one of the features of the invention is to soconstruct not only the pipe but the hood as well so that these parts, ifdesired, may be made of cast'metal but whether made of cast metal orsuitable sheet metal the weight of the hood will be suflicient to causeit to maintain its position relative to the upper end of the pipe whenplaced in position thereon. Should it be desired, however, it will beapparent that the hood may be readily bolted to the upper end of thepipe at any place throughout the length of the contracted portions 13 ofthe hood. The notches 10 heretofore referred to formed in the peripheralportion 10 of the pipe are of a sufficient number and so formed as toregister with the contracted portions 13 of the hood when the hood is inposition on the top of the pipe,'as shown in Fig. 5.

One of the important features of the invention is in the provision ofmeans for dividing the opening in the pipe at its upper extremity into aplurality of discharge passages. This I preferably accomplish by formingon the interior of the hood a plurality of integral division walls whichradiate from the center of the hood interior to the walls thereof andjoin with the said walls preferably at the contracted portions 13. Whenthe hood is formed with the six draft passages as shown in the drawings,it is preferred that the discharge opening on the interior of the hoodand the pipe be divided into three discharge passages, which isaccomplished by forming the division plates which are indicated by thereference. character 14 joined to the alternate contracted portions 13.It is preferred that the division plates 14. extend downwardly into thepipe I 10 for some distance below the top thereof and to do this it isnecessary to separate the I plates 14: from the walls of the hood asufficient distance to accommodate the thickness of the walls of thepipe. This cut-away portion or offset between the division plates andthe contracted portions 13 of the hood is indicated by the referencecharacter 14? and the manner of the insertion of the hood over the upperend of the pipe is shown most clearly in the detail sectional view, Fig.7. My preferred manner of constructing the division plates 1 f at theirupper extremities integral with the walls of the hood at the contractedportions 13 when the plates are oflset as at 1 1 results in theformation of the shoulders at the upper extremitiesof the offsets asindicated at 14 which shoulders form convenient seats for resting thehood upon the upper extremity of the pipe at the cut-away portions 10This construe-- tion makes it unnecessary to provide other means forsecuring the hood to the upper end of the pipe since the weight of thehood and the parts of the chimney top supported thereby will serve tohold the same in position. It is preferred that the upper edges of thedivision plates be cut away beginning at their outer peripheriesadjacent the contracted portions or walls 13 of the hood'along linesconverging downwardly toward the center of the hood as indicated at 15,(Figs. 1 and 2).

Above the extreme upper end of the hood and separated a short distancetherefrom is a top cap suitably supported and comprising an imperforatecap plate 16 preferably of a circular form and given a slightly conicalshape with the apex of the cone at ap- 7 proximately the center thereof.The head cap is also provided with a supplemental top plate between thecap plate 16 and the hood Which is perforated in order that it may notinterfere with the passage of the urrent above the upper opening in thetop of the hood, the same being indicated by the reference character 17,a detail planview being shown in Fig. 4;.- The plate 17 is preferablygiven the shape of a frustum of cone with 30 rather a slight upwardinclination toward the center, and around its inner periphery there ispreferably formed a narrow vertically-extending flange as indicated at18.

Extending from the flange 18 and secured 5 to the top of plate 17 is aplurality of radial vanes 19 extending vertically and increasing inheight to the outer periphery of the plate 17. Both plates 16 and 17forming the top cap are preferably supported from the hood by aplurality of bars as indicated at 20 which may conveniently be bolted tothe inner peripheral portions 13 of the hood on those portions lyingbetwen the portions 13 which have the division plates 14: securedthereto. Bolts for this purpose are shown at 21, bolts for securing thetop plate at 22,

and bolts for securing the flanged cap plate a The operation of thedevice is similar vent any tendency to down or back drafts.

In the construction of my improved device special attention is given tothe provision of means for accomplishing this purpose, particularly whenthe atmosphere on the outside of a building where the device is adaptedto be located is in motion. A wind from any direct-ion blowing againstthe pipe adjacent the lower flared openings of the hood will tend toforce the air upwardly into the contracted passages 12, the direction ofsuch currents being indicated by the arrows in Fig. 2. The act-ion ofthe current in being deflected upwardly through passages 12 is augmentedby the fact that theside walls of the passages 12 'on the hood areformed integrally With and extend in a downward direction to theperiphery of the pipe and preferably several inches below the lowerextremity of the outer walls of the passages 12 on the hood. Thesedownwardly In either the ventilators or the 105 inclined side edges areindicated by the reference character 24 and the lower extremity of theouter wall covering the passages 12 on the hood by 25. The contractionof the passages 12 by the shape of the walls 11 of the hood is furtheraugmented by the outwardly extending flanges 10 on the top of the pipesection 10 and when the air passes through the opening between theflanges at the upper end of the pipe and the walls 11 of the hood onbeing forced through a narrowed opening its velocity will be increased,and in passing over and beyond the angular flanges at the upperextremity of the pipe the current will produce a suction by .theexhaustion of the air on the inside of the pipe which will cause acurrent to flow upwardly through the pipe 10 and so exhaust air or gasestherein, all of which will pass upwardly and outwardly through thedivided passages through the hood and upwardly through the supplementaltop plate 19 and thence outwardly under cap plate 16. The action of thecurrent upwardly and over the outwardly flanged upper end of the topsect-ion of the pipe is rendered more certain by reason of the divisionplates 1 1 which divide the upper end of the pipe and the hood into aplurality of separated passages tending to prevent the action of counteror down drafts and insuring an upward current in at least one of theseparated passages in whatever direction or with whatever velocity theatmosphere on the outside may be moving. The fact that the divisionplates 14 have their upper edges formed to converge downwardly fromtheir outside top edges toward the center of the hood to a pointapproximately on a level with the upper extremity of the pipe is foundto be an advantage in that the open space thus formed in the hood abovethe top of the pipe will have a constant tendency to have a vacuumcreated therein not only by the suction induced by the current passingupwardly through the divisions in the hood but also by currents thatpass over the intermediate plate 17 and under the top cap plate 16. Suchaction is further enhanced by the construction of the intermediate plate17 which has already been described. lVhen the air blowing from anydirect-ion strikes the intermediate plate 17 at approximately rightangles to the axial line of the pipe, the shape of the plate 17 as wellas the vertical radial vanes 19 will deflect the current inwardlyandupwardly until it passes over the vertical flange 18 and thenceoutwardly between the plate 17 and the cap 16. Thus current will inpassing over the flange 18 produce a suction within the open space onthe inside of the hood atthe top thereof where the walls 14 areangularly cut away, thus tending to assist the drawingaction of thecurrents passing upwardly through whatever direction the current of airmay be a moving on the outside of the building.

Another very important feature of my i11- vention is due to theirregular shape of the hood on its exterior. The walls 11 of the hoodbeing depressed inwardly at 13 in a plurality of planes around theperiphery extending longitudinally of the hood affords a series ofpassages closed on three sides and open on the fourth side which areindicated by the reference character 26, Figs. 1, 8 and 5. There beingsix of such outwardly opening vertical passages as shown in thepreferred embodiment of the invention it will be apparent that fromwhatever direction the current of air may strike the hood on its outerperiphery these passages will gather the current and tend to deflect itupwardly and cause the current to enter the opening'on the inside of theribbed and flanged top plate 17 and such current will continue upwardlyuntil it strikes the cap plate 16 when it will be deflected outwardlyunder this plate. These currents of air thus passing upwardly on theoutside of the hood in the grooves or passages 26 therein will also tendto have a siphonic action upon the air or gases on the interior of thehood and pipe and are found in practice to greatly increase the draftand to decrease the tendency of the ventilator or chimney to producedown drafts.

In the above description of my improved ventilator or chimney, thedevice has been especially described for ventilating chimneys or airshafts of buildings but it will be apparent that it is adapted for useon air shafts or chimneys which extend from the interior to the exteriorof any form of moving vehicle such as road carriages and various formsof railway carriages or cars and street cars as well as water craft.

In order that the invention might be fully understood, the details ofthe preferred embodiment have been specifically described but it will beapparent that those skilled in the art may make many modifications ofsuch details without departing from the purpose and spirit of theinvention.

What I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is:

1. In a chimney top or ventilator, the combination with a pipe, of aperipheral flange secured to the upper extremity of the pipe and formingan enlargement thereon, a hood havinga larger inside diameter than theoutside diameter of said pipe and flange, the said hood being securedadjacent to and extending beyond the upper extremity of the pipe wherebya draft passage is provided between the periphery of the pipe and theinterior of the hood, and a cap comprising an imperforate cap platesupported above the top of the hood, and a perforated plate supportedbetween the upper extremity of the hood and the said imperforate capplate.

2. In a chimney top or ventilator, the combination with a pipe, of ahood having a larger inside diameter than the outside diameter of thepipe, the said hood being of a larger mean diameter than the outsidediameter of the pipe and being corrugated to form a plurality ofvertically extending passages alternating on the interior and exteriorof the hood, a perforated top plate supported above the upper extremityof the hood, the said perforation in the top plate registeringapproximately with the passageway in the pipe but of sufficient diameterto permit the discharge of currents from the alternate verticallyextending passages both on the interior and exterior of-the hood, and animperforate cap plate supported immediately above the said perforatedtop plate, there being a peripheral discharge passage way between theperforated top plate and the imperforate cap plate.

3. In a chimney top or ventilator, the combination with a pipe, of ahood adapted to surround the upper extremity of the pipe, the said hoodbeing of a larger mean diameter than the outside diameter of the pipeand being corrugated to form a plurality of vertically extendingpassages alternating on the interior and'exterior of the hood, the saidinterior passages being closed longitudinally by the walls of the pipewhereby a plurality of vertical draft passages are formed around theexterior of the pipe and discharging into the upper extremity of thehood beyond the upper end of the pipe, and a cap supported above the topof the hood.

ft- In a chimney top or ventilator, the combination with'a pipe, of ahood having a larger inside diameter than the outside diameter of thepipe, the said ho'od being secured adjacent to and extending beyond theupper extremity of the pipe whereby a draft passage is provided betweenthe periphery of the pipe and the interior of the hood, a division platesecured to the hood near its upper extremity but separated from thewalls of the hood at its lower extremity whereby the hood may betelescoped over the pipe walls, there being shoulders formed at the endsof the offsets of the said division plates adjacent the walls of thehood to furnish seats for supporting the hood on the upper extremity ofthe pipe.

5. In a chimney top or ventilator, the

combination with a pipe, of a hood having a larger inside diameter thanthe outside diameter of the pipe, the said hood being secured adjacentto and extending beyond the upper extremity of i the pipe whereby adraft passage is provided between the periphery of the pipe and theinterior of the hood, a cap comprising an imperforate cap platesupported above the top of the hood, a perforated plate supportedbetween the upper extremity of the hood and the said imperforate capplate, the perforation in the last said plate being adapted to registerwith the discharge opening in the upper extremity of the hood, and adivision plate secured within the dis charge opening between the upperextremity of the pipe and the hood, the said plate being adapted todivide the discharge opening of the pipe into a plurality of verticallyextending passages and having its upper edge out at an acute angle tothe vertical axis of the pipe.

6. In a chimney top or ventilator, the combination with a pipe, of ahood having a larger mean inside diameter than the out side diameter ofthe pipe, said hood being secured to and extending beyond the upperextremity of the pipe whereby a draft passage is provided between theperiphery of the pipe and the interior of the hood, a cap plate securedabove the top of the hood whereby a discharge passage is formed betweenthe said cap plate and the upper extremity of the hood, and a pluralityof division plates extending from within the upper end of the pipe intothe said hood and dividing the opening leading from the pipe into thehood into a plurality of vertically extending discharge passages, theupper edges of the said division plates being cut at an acute angle tothe longitudinal axis of the pipe.

7. In a chimney top or ventilator, the

combination with a pipe, of a hood adapted to surround the upperextremity of the pipe, the said hood being of a larger mean diameterthan the outside diameter of the pipe and being corrugated to form aplurality of vertically extending passages alternating on the interiorand exterior of the hood, a division plate secured within the said hoodat the upper extremity of the pipe whereby the opening leading from thepipe into the hood is divided into a plurality of discharge passages, aperforated top plate secured above the upper extremity of the hood, theperforation in the said plate being adapted to register with the outerperiphery of the said hood whereby upwardly deflected currents of air inthe'alternate passages -on both the interior and exterior of the hoodmay discharge within the perforation in the said top plate, and a capplate supported above the said perforated plate whereby a dischargepassage is provided between the said plates.

8. In a chimney top or ventilator, the combination with a pipe, of ahood adapted to surround the upper extremity of the pipe, the said hoodhaving a larger inside diameter than the outside diameter of the pipeand being in the general form of the frustum of a cone or pyramid withthe larger end surrounding and extending below the upper extremity ofthe pipe and having its contracted end extending above the upperextremity of the pipe whereby a draft passage is provided between theperiphery of the pipe and the interior of the hood, a division platesecured within the. opening leading from the pipe into the hood wherebya plurality of separated discharge passages are formed, and a capsupported above the top of the hood.

9. In a chimney top or ventilator, the

combination with a pipe, of a hood adapted to surround the upperextremity of the pipe, the said hood being of a larger mean diameterthan the outside diameter of the pipe and being corrugated to form aplurality of vertically extending passages alternating on the interiorand exterior of the hood, and a division plate secured within theopening leading from the upper extremity of the said pipe into the hoodwhereby the said opening is divided into a plurality of dischargepassages.

10. In a chimney top or ventilator, the combination with a pipe, of ahood adapted to surround the upper extremity of the pipe. said hoodbeing of a larger diameter than the outside diameter of the pipe, therebeing corrugations in the hood to form a plurality of verticallyextending passages alternating on the interior and exterior of the hood,said hood being in the form of the frustum of a pyramid or cone with itslargest diameter extending downwardly and over the lower extremity ofthe pipe and having its con-- tracted end extending beyond the upperextremity of the pipe, a plurality of division plates secured to thehood adjacent its upper extremity along the apices of the inwardlyextending corrugations of the hood, said division plates being oflsetfrom the walls of the hood for a portion of their length whereby thelower extremity of the plates may extend into the interior of the pipeat its upper extremity, the offset portions of the plates formingshoulders or seats at their upper extremities for supporting the hood inposition'on the top of the pipe.

11. In a chimney top or ventilator,the combination with a pipe, of ahood adapted to surround the upper extremity of the pipe, the said hoodbeing of a larger mean diameter than the outside diameter of the pipeand being corrugated to form a plurality of vertically extendingpassages alternating on the interior and exterior of the hood, the wallsof the hood adjacent the corrugations being given a sharp angular formwhereby the corrugations on the exterior of the hood are adapted toretard the currents of air and deflect them upwardly therein beyond theupper extremity of'the hood.

12. In a chimney top or ventilator, the combination with a pipe, of ahood adapted to surround the upper extremity of the pipe, the said hoodbeing of a larger mean diameter than the outside diameter of the pipeand being corrugated to form a plurality of vertically extendingpassages alternating on the interior and exterior of the hood, the wallsof the hood adjacent the corrugations being given a sharp angular formwhereby the corrugations on the exterior of the hood are adapted toretard the currents of air and deflect them upwardly therein beyond theupper extremity of the hood, and a cap supported above the top of thehood.

13. In a chimney top or ventilator, the combination with a pipe, of ahood adapted to surround the upper extremity of the pipe, the said hoodbeing of a larger mean diameter than the outside diameter of the pipeand being corrugated to form a plurality of vertically extendingpassages alternating on the interior and exterior of the hood, the wallsof the hood adjacent the corrugations being given a sharp angular formwhereby the corrugations on the exterior of the hood are adapted toretard the currents of air and deflect them upwardly therein beyond theupper extremity of the hood, and a cap supported above the top of thehood, the said capcomprising an imperforate plate and a perforated platesupported between the up per extremity of the hood and the saidimperforate plate, the perforation of the last said plate being of asize adapted to register with the outside periphery of the upperextremity of the hood whereby the vertically extending passagesalternating on both the interior and exterior of the hood may dischargeinto the said perforation in the plate and beneath the said imperforatetop plate.

14. In a chimney top or ventilator, the combination with a pipe, of ahood adapted to surround the upper extremity of the pipe,

said hood being of a larger mean diameter than the outside diameter ofthe pipe and being corrugated to form a plurality of verticallyextending passages alternating on the interior and exterior of the hood,and an enlarged peripheral flange secured to the pipe at the upperextremity thereof, there being a plurality of cut-away portions in saidflange adapted to register with the inner corrugations on the said hoodwhen the hood is in position on the upper extremity of the pipe.

15. In a chimney top or ventilator, the' combination witha pipe, of ahood adapted to surround the upper extremity of the pipe, said hoodbeing of a larger mean diameter than the outside diameter of the pipeand being corrugated to form a plurality of vertically extendingpassages alternating on the interior and exterior of the hood, anenlarged peripheral flange secured to the pipe at the upper extremitythereof, there being a plurality of cut-away portions in said flangeadapted to register with the inner corrugations on the said hood whenthe hood is in position on the upper extremity of the pipe, and a capsupported above the top of the hood.

16. In a chimney top or ventilator, the combination with a pipe, of ahood having a larger inside diameter than the outside diameter of thepipe, the said hood being secured adjacent to and beyond the upperextremity of the pipe whereby a draft passage is provided between theperiphery of the pipe and the interior of the hood, and a cap comprisingan imperforate cap plate supported above the top of the hood, and aperforated plate supported between the upper extremity of the hood andthe said imperforate cap plate, the said perforated plate being providedon its inner periphery with a vertically extending flange for giving anupward deflection to lateraI air currents.

17 In a chimney top or ventilator, the combination with a pipe, of ahood having a larger inside diameter than the outside diameter of thepipe, the said hood being secured adjacent to and beyond the upperextremity of the pipe whereby a draft passage is provided between theperiphery of the pipe and the interior of the hood, and a cap comprisingan imperforate cap plate supported above the top of the hood, and aperforated plate supported between the upper extremity of the hood andthe said imperforate cap plate, the said perforated plate being in theform of the frustum of a cone and provided around its inner peripherywith a vertically extending. flange.

18. In a chimney top or ventilator, the combination with a pipe, of ahood having a larger inside diameter than the outside secured adjacentto and beyond the upper extremity of the pipe whereby a draft passage isprovided between the periphery of the pipe and the interior of the hood,and a supported above the top of the hood, and a perforated platesupported between the upper extremity of the hood and the saidimperforate cap plate, the said perforated plate plurality of verticallyextending radiating vanes.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification, in thepresence of two subscribing witnesses, on this 6th day of May A. D.1911.

JESSE L. PHILLIPS.

Witnesses:

CHARLES H. SEEM,. A. L. SPRINKLE.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressingthe Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C.

diameter of the pipe, the said hood being 1 cap comprising. animperforate cap plate being provided on its upper side with a

